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AI is powered by a virtuous circle of data, algorithms (“models”), and compute. Growth in one pushes needs in the others and can grossly affect the developer experience on aspects like usability and performance. Today, we have more data and more AI model research than ever before, but compute isn’t scaling at the same speed due to … well, physics.

The technological progress that has been made in AI over the last ten years is breathtaking — from AlexNet in 2012 to the recent release of ChatGPT, which has taken large foundational models and conversational AI to another level.

The first four requirements address one fundamental problem with how we've been using MLIR: weights are constant data, but shouldn't be managed like other MLIR attributes. Until now, we've been trying to place a square peg into a round hole, creating a lot of wasted space that's costing us development velocity (and, therefore, money for users of the tools).

Machine learning models are getting larger and larger — some might even say, humongous. The world’s most advanced technology companies have been in an arms race to see who can train the largest model (MUM, OPT, GPT-3, Megatron), while other companies focused on production systems have scaled their existing models to great effect. Through all the excitement, what’s gone unsaid is the myriad of practical challenges larger models present for existing AI infrastructure and developer workflows.